精品推荐·《康熙通宝》鉴赏解析

方孔钱是我国古代钱币中最常见的一种，是指中间有方孔的圆形钱币，由环形钱演变而来，成为我国古代铜钱的固定形式。圆形方孔钱在形制上完全符合“天圆地方”传统哲学观念，所以在中国通行了两千多年，无论是秦统一中国后颁行的半两钱、汉代通行的五铢钱，还是唐代以后通行 的各种“通宝”、“元宝”，在形制上都完全一样。由于历代帝王将相和文人艺术家的参与，使小小的钱币成为文化艺术的载体和结晶，拥有一段悠久而丰富的历史。

Square hole money is the most common kind of ancient coins in my country. It refers to a round coin with a square hole in the middle. It evolved from ring money and became a fixed form of ancient copper coins in my country. The shape of the round square hole money is completely in line with the traditional philosophy of the "round place", so it has been popular in China for more than two thousand years. The various "Tongbao" and "Yuanbao" that have been in use since the Tang Dynasty are exactly the same in form. Thanks to the participation of emperors, generals and literati artists, small coins have become a carrier and crystal of culture and art, and have a long and rich history.

康熙通宝，顾名思义就是在清圣祖康熙年间(1662-1722年)铸成并在清代流通的货币。作为我国的古代钱币之一，康熙通宝是非常具有考古价值的。由于当时社会秩序相对稳定，经济发展迅速，并且世界各地通商贸易频繁，货币经济也十分发达。所以康熙年间的钱币通常都铸造得非常精致，大都很规整，钱型厚重，文字美观大方，因此康熙通宝也具有一定的艺术价值。

Kangxi Tongbao, as the name implies, was a currency that was cast during the Qing ancestor Kangxi (1662-1722) and circulated in the Qing Dynasty. As one of the ancient coins in my country, Kangxi Tongbao is of great archaeological value. At that time, the social order was relatively stable, the economy developed rapidly, and trade and trade around the world were frequent, and the currency economy was also very developed. Therefore, the coins of Kangxi were usually very delicate, most of them were regular, the money was thick, and the text was beautiful and generous. Therefore, Kangxi Tongbao also has a certain artistic value.

康熙帝命玄烨，生于顺治十一年(1654年5月4日)，在位六十一年，是中国历史上在位时间最长的皇帝。康熙元年(1662年)清政府下令停铸上代“顺治通宝”钱，而改铸“康熙通宝”，并规定以后凡是嗣位改元，所铸钱制皆如此例。纵观康熙一朝，在全国开设了大大小小总共二十四处铸钱局。由于受当时冶铸工本和钱币私铸等问题的影响，每一文康熙钱曾分别重一钱四分、一钱、七分，这样一来便产生了我们今天所见到的大、中、小三种不同重量的“康熙通宝”钱。康熙通宝面文楷书直读，背记局，分“满文”、“满汉文”二种，满文钱仿“顺治四式”，钱背满文“宝泉”、“宝源”左读，是户、工两部所造。满汉文钱仿“顺治五式”，穿左为满文“宝”，穿右为汉文记局名。后人为收藏和研究方便，将满汉文纪地的局名编在一起，形成了一首押韵、顺口的康熙钱“背文诗”。诗云：同福临东江，宣原苏蓟昌。南河宁广浙，台桂陕云漳。这首诗将“康熙通宝”钱背满汉文的二十局都囊括其中。所以有人将康熙的这套钱称为“诗文二十品”。

Emperor Kangxi ordered Xuan Ye, who was born in the 11th year of Shunzhi (May 4, 1654), reigned for 61 years, and was the longest emperor in Chinese history. In the first year of Kangxi (1662), the Qing government ordered to stop casting the money of the "Shunzhi Tongbao" of the previous generation, and recast the "Kangxi Tongbao". It also stipulated that all subsequent reforms of the heirs will be the case. Throughout the Kangxi period, a total of 24 money-making bureaus were opened throughout the country. Due to the problems of the metallurgical casting cost and the private coin casting at that time, each Kangxi money once weighed four cents, one cent, and seven cents, respectively, which resulted in the large, medium, and large Three kinds of Kangxi Tongbao money with different weights. Kangxi Tongbao face-to-face regular script reads directly, memorizing the bureau, divided into "Manchu" and "Manchu Han", Manchu money imitates "Shunzhi four styles", Qianbei Manchu "Baoquan" and "Baoyuan" left reading , Is made by the two departments of households and workers. The Manchu Chinese money imitates the "five styles of Shunzhi", the left is the Manchu "treasure", and the right is the Chinese name. Later, for the convenience of collection and research, the names of the Manchu and Han dynasties were compiled together to form a rhyming and smooth Kangxi Qian's "reciting poems". Shi Yun: Tongfu Lindongjiang, Xuanyuan Su Jichang. Nanhe, Ningguang, Zhejiang, Taigui, Shaanxi, Yunzhang. This poem includes the 20 games of Qian Kangxi's "Kangxi Tongbao" Qian Beiman. Therefore, some people called Kangxi's money "20 poems."

此《康熙通宝》，钱币正面以楷书书写“康熙通宝”四字，字体刚劲有力，从上而下而右而左直读，中间有方孔。背面左右用满文写有钱局的名称，即满文字体“宝源”二字。其为圆形方孔的铜币，形状外发天，内地法，取义精宏。在日光的照射下散发出熠熠光辉。观其图，造型圆润端庄，字迹清晰深俊，包浆浑厚温润。整体印制规整，钱型厚重，文字美观大方，币面书法笔力挺拔秀美，工笔雕刻细腻，锈色自然流畅，古朴大气，是康熙年间钱币铸造的精品，彰显出独树一帜的气貌，极具历史收藏价值与市场价值。

In this "Kangxi Tongbao", the words "Kangxi Tongbao" are written in regular script on the front of the coin. The font is strong and powerful, and it is read directly from top to bottom and right to left, with a square hole in the middle. Write the name of the money bureau in Manchu on the left and right, that is, the word "Baoyuan" in Manchu script. It is a copper coin with a round square hole. It shines brightly under the sunlight. Looking at the picture, the shape is round and dignified, the writing is clear and deep, the paste is thick and warm. The overall printing is regular, the money is thick, the text is beautiful and generous, the coin face calligraphy pen is strong and beautiful, the carving is delicate, the rust color is natural and smooth, and the atmosphere is simple. Collection value and market value.

转自腾讯网